Local governance, decentralization and democracy are key components of the traditional Ghanaian institution of chieftaincy. In the past this institution engendered participatory democracy, good governance and social protection, but it is currently challenged by the formal decentralization of public administration. Although the institution has remained intact, its functions have gone through several paradigm shifts during both the colonial and post-independence eras of Ghana.

While it does not currently form part of the formal local government administration structure, it maintains an informal and sacrosanct niche in local governance. The roles of the chieftaincy institution need to be redefined and clarified within the nexus of traditions, demands of good governance and modern local democracy to enable it to provide a complementary conduit for effective and efficient local governance for development.